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Business Glossary

106+ terms operators actually use.

Strategy, sales, marketing, finance, CRO, AI, and operations — defined the way modern operators use them. No textbook fluff, no marketing speak.

18 terms

Strategy

Strategic frameworks, planning, and corporate development.

OKR

Objectives and Key Results

A goal-setting framework pairing one Objective with 3–5 measurable Key Results.

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KPI

Key Performance Indicator

A quantitative metric tied to a strategic objective.

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North Star Metric

The single metric that best captures the core value the business delivers.

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BHAG

Big Hairy Audacious Goal

A 10–25 year strategic ambition that organizes long-term decisions.

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TAM / SAM / SOM

Three nested market-sizing concepts used to model opportunity.

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ICP

Ideal Customer Profile

A quantitative definition of the customer who buys easily, pays well, and stays.

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Persona

A composite profile of a typical buyer or user within an ICP.

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JTBD

Jobs To Be Done

A framework that defines product opportunity by the "job" customers hire a solution to do.

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Positioning

The deliberate choice of what category you compete in and how you're different.

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Competitive Positioning

The structural advantage you press to win against specific competitors.

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Differentiation

The dimensions on which you're materially better, different, or cheaper.

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Moat

A structural advantage that protects margins and market share over time.

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Mission

Why the company exists — the impact it intends to create.

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Vision

A picture of the future the company is building toward.

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Value Proposition

A one-line statement of the value you deliver to a specific customer.

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Aha Moment

The first interaction where a user experiences the core value of a product.

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Product-Market Fit

PMF

The point at which a product is satisfying strong market demand.

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Segment

A grouping of customers who share important characteristics.

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18 terms

Marketing

Demand generation, channels, and brand terms.

CAC

Customer Acquisition Cost

The cost to acquire one new customer.

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CPA

Cost Per Acquisition

The cost to acquire one customer from a specific channel or campaign.

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CPL

Cost Per Lead

The cost to generate one lead from a channel or campaign.

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ROAS

Return on Ad Spend

Revenue generated per dollar of ad spend.

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CTR

Click-Through Rate

The percentage of impressions that result in a click.

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CPC

Cost Per Click

The cost to drive one click from paid media.

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CPM

The cost per thousand impressions of an ad.

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MRR

Monthly Recurring Revenue

The predictable recurring revenue normalized to a monthly basis.

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ARR

Annual Recurring Revenue

MRR × 12 — the annualized recurring revenue run rate.

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SEO

Search Engine Optimization

The practice of earning organic rankings in search engines.

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AEO

Answer Engine Optimization

Optimization for AI answer engines that synthesize responses from web content.

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GEO

Generative Engine Optimization

Optimization for generative search engines (overlaps AEO).

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SERP

Search Engine Results Page

The page returned by a search engine for a query.

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Conversion Rate

The percentage of visitors who complete a desired action.

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CDP

Customer Data Platform

A unified customer data store that powers cross-channel personalization.

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Marketing Automation

The systems and workflows that automate marketing execution.

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Attribution

The model assigning credit to marketing touchpoints in a customer journey.

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Lead Scoring

The system that ranks leads by likelihood to convert.

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16 terms

Finance

Unit economics, SaaS metrics, and capital terms.

15 terms

CRO

Conversion rate optimization and experimentation terms.

CRO

Conversion Rate Optimization

The systematic practice of improving the rate at which visitors complete desired actions.

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A/B Test

A controlled experiment comparing two variants of a single change.

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MVT

Multivariate Test

A test comparing combinations of multiple variables simultaneously.

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Sample Size

The number of visitors required per variant to detect a meaningful effect at the chosen confidence level.

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Statistical Significance

The confidence that an observed test result is not due to random chance.

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P-Value

The probability of observing the test result if there is no true effect.

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Statistical Power

The probability a test correctly detects a true effect.

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MDE

Minimum Detectable Effect

The smallest lift a test is designed to detect with statistical confidence.

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Funnel

The sequence of steps a user takes from first touch to conversion.

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Bounce Rate

The percentage of single-page sessions where a user leaves without interaction.

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Dwell Time

How long a user spends on a page before returning to search results.

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Heatmap

A visualization showing where users click, scroll, and engage on a page.

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Session Recording

A video-like replay of an individual user's interaction with a page.

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Message Match

The consistency between an ad / link and the landing page it leads to.

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Landing Page

A standalone page designed to convert a specific visitor to a specific action.

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